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Connected Papers
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Like Research Rabbit (see below), Connected Papers focuses on the relationships between research papers to find similar research. You can also use Connected Papers to get a visual overview of an academic field.
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Semantic Scholar database
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Connected Papers - About
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Consensus
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Consensus uses large language models (LLMs) to help researchers find and synthesize answers to research questions, focusing on the scholarly authors' findings and claims in each paper.
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Semantic Scholar database
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Consensus FAQs
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Elicit
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Elicit uses LLMs to find papers relevant to your topic by searching through papers and citations and extracting and synthesizing key information.
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Semantic Scholar database
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Elicit FAQs
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Keenious
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Keenious is a recommendation tool for academic articles and topics based on papers you upload.
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Open Alex
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Keenious Help File
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Research Rabbit
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Research Rabbit is a citation-based mapping tool that focuses on the relationships between research works. It uses visualizations to help researchers find similar papers and other researchers in their field.
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Open Alex, Semantic Scholar, and other databases
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Research Rabbit is currently free.
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Research Rabbit FAQs
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scite
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scite has a suite of products that help researchers develop their topics, find papers, and search citations in context (describing whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence)
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Many different sources (an incomplete list can be found on this page)
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No. See pricing information.
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scite FAQs; how scite works
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Scholarcy
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Scholarcy summarizes key points and claims of articles into 'summary cards' that researchers can read, share, and annotate when compiling research on a given topic.
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Scholarcy only uses research papers uploaded or linked by the researcher themselves. It works as a way to help you read and summarize your research, but is not a search engine.
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Scholarcy FAQs
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Semantic Scholar
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Semantic Scholar (which supplies underlying data for many of the other tools on this list) provides brief summaries ('TLDR's) of the main objectives and results of papers.
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Semantic Scholar database
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Semantic Scholar is currently free.
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Semantic Scholar FAQs
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Undermind
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An AI research assistant that works with you to refine your research question and find relevant papers.
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Semantic Scholar database
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Undermind FAQs (scroll down for FAQs)
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AI-Powered Large Language Models (LLMs)
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NAME
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WHAT IT DOES
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UNDERLYING DATA
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IS IT FREE?
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MORE INFORMATION
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ChatGPT
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While the AI chatbot ChatGPT is typically thought of as a writing tool, it can be used in the initial idea development phase of research. (Remember to always look up claims and sources to verify their credibility.)
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The LLM is regularly updated. Logged in users can use ChatGPT to search the web.
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There is a free version available.
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OpenAI Help Center - ChatGPT
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Claude
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An AI-powered chatbot trained by Anthropic using Constitutional AI to be safe, accurate, and secure. It can be used in developmental stages of research for brainstorming and data analysis.
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Publicly available information via the Internet along with licensed data sets. Data is updated regularly with each model version having a different cut-off date.
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Claude FAQ and Help Center
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Gemini
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Designed by Google, Gemini is an AI-powered chatbot that responds to natural language queries with relevant information. As with ChatGPT, researchers can use Gemini to aid in topic development and initial source discovery.
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Gemini can currently connect to the Internet.
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Free with paid subscriptions available. Personal Google account required to use as GU has not authorized Gemini for georgetown.edu email addresses.
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Gemini FAQ
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Perplexity
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Using LLMs, Perplexity is a search engine that provides AI-generated answers, including citations which are linked above the summaries.
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Internal search index
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Free with paid subscriptions available.
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Perplexity FAQs
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